Econ. Environ. Geol. 2002; 35(4): 355-368

Published online August 31, 2002

© THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

Petrological and Geological Safety Diagnosis of Multi-storied Stone Pagoda in the Daewonsa Temple, Sancheong, Korea

Chan Hee Lee1* and Mancheol Suh2

1Department of Geology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
2NRLCP(Non-destructive Research Laboratory of Cultural Properties), Kongju National University, Kongju 314-701, Korea

Correspondence to :

Chan Hee Lee

chanlee@cnu.ac.kr

Received: May 22, 2002; Accepted: August 13, 2002

Abstract

The multi-storied Daewonsa stone pagoda (Treasure No. 1112) in the Sancheong, Korea was studied on the basis of deterioration and geological safety diagnosis. The stone pagoda is composed mainly of granitic gneiss, partly fine-grained granitic gneiss, leucocratic gneiss, biotite granite and ceramics. Each rock of the pagoda is highly exfoliated and fractured along the edges. Some fractures in the main body and roof stones are treated by cement mortar. This pagoda is strongly covered with yellowish to reddish brown tarnish due to the amorphous precipitates of iron hydroxides. Dark grey crust by manganese hydroxides occur partly, and some part coated with white grey gypsum and calcite aggregates from the reaction of cement mortar and rain. As the main body, roof and upper part of the pagoda, the rocks are developed into the radial and linear cracks. Surface of this pagoda shows partly yellowish brown, blue and green patchs because of contamination by algae, lichen, moss and bracken. Besides, wall-rocks of the Daewonsa temple and rock aggregates in the Daewonsa valley are changed reddish brown color with the same as those of the pagoda color. It suggests that the rocks around the Daewonsa temple are highly in iron and manganese concentrations compared with the normal granitic gneiss which color change is natural phenomena owing to the oxidation reaction by rain or surface water with rocks. Therefore, for the attenuation of secondary
contamination, whitening and reddishness, the possible conservation treatments are needed. Consisting rocks of the pagoda would be epoxy to reinforce the fracture systems for the structural stability on the basements.

Keywords multi-storied stone pagoda, reddishness, whitening, fracture system, conservation treatment

Article

Econ. Environ. Geol. 2002; 35(4): 355-368

Published online August 31, 2002

Copyright © THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY.

Petrological and Geological Safety Diagnosis of Multi-storied Stone Pagoda in the Daewonsa Temple, Sancheong, Korea

Chan Hee Lee1* and Mancheol Suh2

1Department of Geology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
2NRLCP(Non-destructive Research Laboratory of Cultural Properties), Kongju National University, Kongju 314-701, Korea

Correspondence to:

Chan Hee Lee

chanlee@cnu.ac.kr

Received: May 22, 2002; Accepted: August 13, 2002

Abstract

The multi-storied Daewonsa stone pagoda (Treasure No. 1112) in the Sancheong, Korea was studied on the basis of deterioration and geological safety diagnosis. The stone pagoda is composed mainly of granitic gneiss, partly fine-grained granitic gneiss, leucocratic gneiss, biotite granite and ceramics. Each rock of the pagoda is highly exfoliated and fractured along the edges. Some fractures in the main body and roof stones are treated by cement mortar. This pagoda is strongly covered with yellowish to reddish brown tarnish due to the amorphous precipitates of iron hydroxides. Dark grey crust by manganese hydroxides occur partly, and some part coated with white grey gypsum and calcite aggregates from the reaction of cement mortar and rain. As the main body, roof and upper part of the pagoda, the rocks are developed into the radial and linear cracks. Surface of this pagoda shows partly yellowish brown, blue and green patchs because of contamination by algae, lichen, moss and bracken. Besides, wall-rocks of the Daewonsa temple and rock aggregates in the Daewonsa valley are changed reddish brown color with the same as those of the pagoda color. It suggests that the rocks around the Daewonsa temple are highly in iron and manganese concentrations compared with the normal granitic gneiss which color change is natural phenomena owing to the oxidation reaction by rain or surface water with rocks. Therefore, for the attenuation of secondary
contamination, whitening and reddishness, the possible conservation treatments are needed. Consisting rocks of the pagoda would be epoxy to reinforce the fracture systems for the structural stability on the basements.

Keywords multi-storied stone pagoda, reddishness, whitening, fracture system, conservation treatment

    KSEEG
    Oct 29, 2024 Vol.57 No.5, pp. 473~664

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