A Study of Habitat Environment Mapping Using Detailed Bathymetry and Seafloor Data in the Southern Shore of the East Sea(Ilsan Beach, Ulsan)

SoonYoung Choi; ChangHwan Kim; WonHyuck Kim; HyunSoo Rho; ChanHong Park

doi:10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

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Econ. Environ. Geol. 2021; 54(6): 717-731

Published online December 28, 2021

https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

A Study of Habitat Environment Mapping Using Detailed Bathymetry and Seafloor Data in the Southern Shore of the East Sea(Ilsan Beach, Ulsan)

SoonYoung Choi, ChangHwan Kim^*, WonHyuck Kim, HyunSoo Rho, ChanHong Park

Author Info. +

Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology

Correspondence to : ^*kimch@kiost.ac.kr

Received: October 29, 2021; Revised: December 10, 2021; Accepted: December 13, 2021

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided original work is properly cited.

Abstract

We analyzed the characteristics of the habitat environment for the Seonam study area in Ulsan, the southern shore of the East Sea using bathymetry and seafloor environment data. The depth of the study area ranges from about 0 m to 23 m. In the west of the study area, the water depth is shallow with a gentle slope, and the water depth becomes deeper with a steep slope in the east. Due to the right-lateral strike-slip faults located in the continental margin of the East Sea, the fracture surfaces of the seabed rocks are mainly in the N-S direction, which is similar to the direction of the strike faults. Three seafloor types (conglomeratic-grained sandy, coasregraiend sandy, fine-grained sandy) and rocky bottom area have been classified according to the analyses of the bathymerty, seafloor image, and surface sediment data. The rocky bottom areas are mainly distributed around Seaoam and in the northern and southern coastal area. But the intermediate zone between Seonam and coastal area has no rocky bottom. This intermediate area is expected to have active sedimentation as seawater way. The sandy sediments are widely distributed throughout the study area. Underwater images and UAV images show that Cnidarians, Brachiopods, Mollusks are mostly dominant in the shallow habitat and various Nacellidae, Mytilidae live on the intertidal zone around Seonam. Annelida and Arthropod are dominant in the sandy sediments. The distribution of marine organism in the study area might be greatly influenced by the seafloor type, the composition and particle size distribution of the seafloor sediments. The analysis of habitat environment mapping with bathymetry, seafloor data and underwater images is supposed to contribute to the study of the structure and function of marine ecosystem.

Keywords shore, bathymetry, seafloor image, sediment, habitat map

정밀 해저지형 및 해저면 자료를 활용한 동해 남부 연안(울산 일산해변) 생태계 서식지 환경 맵핑 연구

최순영 · 김창환^* · 김원혁 · 노현수 · 박찬홍

한국해양과학기술원

요 약

본 연구는 동해 남부 연안의 울산 일산해변에 위치한 선암 주변 해역에 대해 해저지형 및 해저면 환경 자료를 활용하여 서식지 환경 주제도 맵핑 방법으로 서식지 환경 특성을 분석하였다. 연구지역의 전체적인 수심은 노출암인 선암부터 수심 약 0 m ~ 23 m 범위 내에 분포한다. 선암을 중심으로 서쪽으로는 수심이 얕아지면서 경사가 완만해지고 동쪽으로 가면서 수심이 깊어지며 경사가 급해진다. 동해 대륙주변부에 나타난 우수향 주향이동 단층의 영향으로 선암 주변에 나타나는 해저 암반들의 절개 형태는 주향이동 단층방향과 유사한 주로 N-S 방향을 이루고 있다. 해저지형 자료를 기반으로 해저면 영상과 표층퇴적물 자료를 중첩하고 분석하여 연구지역을 수중암반 지대와 총 3가지 type의 퇴적 지대(역질 사질 퇴적물, 조립한 사질 퇴적층, 세립한 사질 퇴적층)로 분류하였다. 수중암반 지대는 선암 주변과 북쪽 및 남쪽 연안 지대에 주로 분포하지만 선암과 연안 사이의 중간 해역은 암반이 거의 존재하지 않는다. 이 중간 해역은 연안과 외해로 연결되는 해수 이동 통로로서 활발한 퇴적활동이 일어났을 것으로 예상된다. 사질 퇴적물은 연구지역 전체에 넓게 분포하고 있다. 수중영상 및 드론사진 자료로 파악한 선암 최근접 해역 서식지는 주로 자포동물, 완족동물 및 연체동물 등이 우점하여 나타났으며 해수면과 맞닿는 노출암 가장자리 지역에는 다양한 배말 및 담치류 생물이 서식하는 것으로 보여진다. 선암 주변 사질 퇴적물 지대에는 주로 환형동물 및 절지동물이 우점하였으며 연구지역의 해양생물 분포 양상은 해저면 Type, 퇴적물의 조성 및 입도 분포 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 파악된다. 이러한 해저지형, 해저면, 수중영상 중첩을 통한 서식지 환경맵핑 분석은 해양생태계 구조 및 기능 연계 연구에 많은 기여를 할 것으로 판단된다.

주요어 연안, 해저지형, 해저면 영상, 퇴적물, 서식지 환경 주제도

Article

Research Paper

Econ. Environ. Geol. 2021; 54(6): 717-731

Published online December 28, 2021 https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

A Study of Habitat Environment Mapping Using Detailed Bathymetry and Seafloor Data in the Southern Shore of the East Sea(Ilsan Beach, Ulsan)

SoonYoung Choi, ChangHwan Kim^*, WonHyuck Kim, HyunSoo Rho, ChanHong Park

Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology

Correspondence to:^*kimch@kiost.ac.kr

Received: October 29, 2021; Revised: December 10, 2021; Accepted: December 13, 2021

Abstract

Keywords shore, bathymetry, seafloor image, sediment, habitat map

정밀 해저지형 및 해저면 자료를 활용한 동해 남부 연안(울산 일산해변) 생태계 서식지 환경 맵핑 연구

최순영 · 김창환^* · 김원혁 · 노현수 · 박찬홍

한국해양과학기술원

Received: October 29, 2021; Revised: December 10, 2021; Accepted: December 13, 2021

요 약

주요어 연안, 해저지형, 해저면 영상, 퇴적물, 서식지 환경 주제도

Fig 1.

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Figure 1.Location of the study area in the southern shore of the East Sea(Ilsan beach, Ulsan).

Economic and Environmental Geology 2021; 54: 717-731https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

Fig 2.

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Figure 2.Geological map around Ulsan area by KIGAM(1968, A) and Ilsan beach by Choi et al.(2003, B) in the southern shore of Korea peninsula.

Economic and Environmental Geology 2021; 54: 717-731https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

Fig 3.

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Figure 3.The bathymetry map around the Seonam study area. The yellow circles indicate successful sampling points.

Economic and Environmental Geology 2021; 54: 717-731https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

Fig 4.

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Figure 4.The Seafloor image map using side scan sonar around the Seonam study area.

Economic and Environmental Geology 2021; 54: 717-731https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

Fig 5.

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Figure 5.A) The results of particle size distribution analysis and B) The particle size distribution map around the Seonam study area.

Economic and Environmental Geology 2021; 54: 717-731https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

Fig 6.

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Figure 6.The result of integrated visualization using the bathymetry and seafloor image map around the Seonam study area. A) 2D plan view, B) 3D southwest view, and C) 3D southeast view.

Economic and Environmental Geology 2021; 54: 717-731https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

Fig 7.

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Figure 7.Seafloor classification analysis around the Seonam A) bathymetry, B) side scan sonar mosaic image, C) slope derived from bathymetry data, D) Rugosity derived from bathymetry data, and E) classified map based on integration using A), B), C), D) and sediment samples data.

Economic and Environmental Geology 2021; 54: 717-731https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

Fig 8.

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Figure 8.The distribution of marine organism in the seabottom habitat environment around the Seonam(about 10 m × 10 m). A) the aerial orthophoto images around Seaoam. B) the synthesized map of the underwater images. C) 3D reconstructed map of the underwater images.

Economic and Environmental Geology 2021; 54: 717-731https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

Fig 9.

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Figure 9.The result of integrated visualization using aerial orthophoto(composed image from drone) map around the Seonam study area. Various marine roganisms are distributied in the intertidal zone around the Seonam.

Economic and Environmental Geology 2021; 54: 717-731https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

Fig 10.

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Figure 10.Stereoscopic habitat image map of land and sea around Seonam.

Economic and Environmental Geology 2021; 54: 717-731https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2021.54.6.717

Table 1 . Classification of seafloor sediment type around Seonam according to surface sediments analysis, bathymetry data and seafloor image.

Sample No		St. 02	St. 03	St. 04	St. 05	St. 06	St. 07	St. 08	St. 09	St. 10	St. 11	St. 12
Composition (%)	Gravel	28.80	0.00	59.02	0.00	0.02	2.09	2.68	1.94	0.46	6.90	0.00
	Sand	66.15	88.42	38.99	89.67	93.28	95.09	86.67	96.18	88.71	90.02	94.70
	Silt	0.72	2.98	0.18	2.07	1.00	0.32	1.79	0.15	1.83	0.28	0.74
	Clay	4.33	8.60	1.80	8.27	5.71	2.50	8.85	1.73	9.00	2.80	4.56
Statistical Parameters	MZ (Phi)	0.10	3.10	-0.99	1.99	2.99	0.92	1.72	0.91	2.27	0.59	2.42
	St.De.	1.81	1.66	0.83	1.97	1.62	0.78	2.08	0.99	1.90	1.03	1.06
	Skew.	0.20	0.37	0.38	0.43	0.40	-0.04	0.43	0.07	0.39	-0.11	0.17
	Kurt.	1.26	2.89	0.97	2.96	2.94	0.92	3.44	1.06	3.08	1.02	2.64
Sed. particle size Type		gS	(g)mS/cS	sG	(g)mS/cS	(g)S	(g)S	(g)mS	(g)S	(g)mS	gS	S
Sed. Type		Type III	Type IV	Type II	type I	Type IV	type I	Type IV	Type III	type I	Type III	Type IV
		Sand (Coasregrained)	Sand (Finegrained)	Sand (Conglom etraicgrained)	Rock Bottom	Sand (Finegrained)	Rock Bottom	Sand (Finegrained)	Sand (Coasregrained)	Rock Bottom	Sand (Coasregrained)	Sand (Finegrained)

Table 2 . List of dominant species of macrobenthos around the Seonam study area.

Taxa	Species	Korean name	Density	%
Cde	Diogenes edwardsii	넓적왼손집게	286	29.6
Apo	Aonides oxycephala	얼굴갯지렁이류	272	28.2
Cam	Siphonoecetes exolitus	-	54	5.6
Apo	Magelona japonica	양손갯지렁이	39	4.0
Apo	Spiophanes bombyx	민얼굴갯지렁이	34	3.5
Apo	Micropodarke dubia	작은수염갯지렁이	31	3.2
Apo	Capitellidae sp.1	버들갯지렁이류	22	2.3
Apo	Maldanidae sp.1	대나무갯지렁이류	21	2.2

Oct 29, 2024 Vol.57 No.5, pp. 473~664

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Research Paper

A Study of Habitat Environment Mapping Using Detailed Bathymetry and Seafloor Data in the Southern Shore of the East Sea(Ilsan Beach, Ulsan)

Abstract

정밀 해저지형 및 해저면 자료를 활용한 동해 남부 연안(울산 일산해변) 생태계 서식지 환경 맵핑 연구

요 약

Article

Research Paper

A Study of Habitat Environment Mapping Using Detailed Bathymetry and Seafloor Data in the Southern Shore of the East Sea(Ilsan Beach, Ulsan)

Abstract

정밀 해저지형 및 해저면 자료를 활용한 동해 남부 연안(울산 일산해변) 생태계 서식지 환경 맵핑 연구

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